HEMORRHAGIC STROKE: SYMPTOMS & TREATMENT
There
are 2 types of stroke - Hemorrhagic and Ischaemic. Hemorrhagic stroke, as the
name implies is due to bleeding into the brain. It is less common (almost 15%)
than Ischaemic stroke but accounts for almost 40% of stroke related
death.
Cause:
Hypertension
is the commonest cause of hemorrhagic stroke. Other causes are bleeding into
the brain from a weak blood vessel such as an aneurysm, arterio-venous
malformation etc.
Investigation:
A
CT scan can help diagnose hemorrhagic stroke. In some cases, the neuro-surgeon
need additional investigations including MRI, MRA and CT Angiography, to look
for other causes of bleeding as above.
Treatment:
Immediate
treatment: Admission to a hospital with ICU facilities is needed. Hypertension
should be controlled immediately. In cases of major bleeding, where
intra-cerebral pressure is elevated, a potentially life threatening condition,
patient has to be managed in neuro-surgical ICU. Neuro surgical, interventional
radiological procedures are needed depending on the cause of the bleeding.
After stabilisation:
Patient
need close monitoring in hospital as there is high risk of rebleeding in the
first week.
Neuro rehabilitation:
Once
the medical condition is stabilised, patients should be transferred for
appropriate rehabilitation in a centre known to manage brain injured. Here, a
Specialist in Neuro-rehabilitation with Physiotherapists, Occupational
therapists, Psychologist and Speech therapist would manage neuro-rehabilitation
for these patients. The aim would be to help patients to achieve best
functional recovery.
Major
limitations for a good recovery would be behavioural issues, agitation, memory impairment, speech disorders etc which can be managed by optimal usage of
medicines, physical therapy and psychological support. A team effort leads to
best recovery of function and return to work and social activities.
AVA Rehabilitation center, a future center of excellence, provides comprehensive
patient-centered,neuro-rehabilitation care for persons who suffered the stroke,
brain, and spinal injuries.
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