WHAT IS NEUROPSYCHOLOGY?

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The brain is complex. Disorders within the brain and nervous system can change behavior and cognitive function. Neuropsychology is the study of relationships of brain–behavior. On theoretical basis it aims at understanding the relationships between the brain, on the one side and the mind and behavioral control, on the other. It is a complex field of study, relating various fields like neurology, psychology, psychiatry, clinical neurosciences, physiology and statistics. 

In the majority of psychiatric disorders focal brain lesions are rare. The real challenge of neuropsychology in relation to psychiatry is to understand abnormal behavior in terms of dysfunctional processing of information. This is related to abnormally functioning brain systems than to localized brain damage.  

Neuropsychology has led to the advanced study of psychiatric disorder over past decades. It is now seen as an essential discipline for the study of psychiatric disorder. This improvement has been achieved through reliable and precise quantification of discrete components of cognitive function and behavior in relation to normal and abnormal mental states. Most psychiatric disorders contain effective status, so mood and motivation may critically impact on neuropsychological test performance.Clinical neuropsychology also has an important role to play in the assessment of cognitive impairment in clinical practice. Subjects in neuropsychological studies are individuals with brain injuries resulting from war, accidents, or conditions such as stroke or Parkinson’s disease.Also there are some subjects have developmental disorders that prevent normal brain functioning interfering with learning or other behaviors.

Neuropsychologists research how psychological procedures relate to the brain’s systems and structures. This work is predicated on the belief that cognition and physiology are complicately interrelated and inseparable.

Neuropsychology includes
Experimental neuropsychology: The study of brain–behavior relationships in nonhumans.
Cognitive neuropsychology: The study of normal cognition in humans.
Behavioral neuropsychology:The blending of principles of neuropsychology and behavioral theory.
Clinical neuropsychology: The study of brain–behavior relationships in humans. When a physician requests neuropsychological testing for a patient, a clinical neuropsychologist will likely provide the assessment.

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